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Beebe, W., G.I. Hartley & P.G. Howes (1917) Tropical Wildlife in British Guiana. New York: N. Y. Zoological Society.

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Gray, J.E. (1868) Observations on the Margin-tailed Otter Pteronura sandbachii. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1868; 60-66.

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Nehring, A. (1887) Uber die Gray'schen Fischotter-gattungen Lutronectes, Lontra und Pteronura. Sber. Ges. Naturf. Freude Berlin. 1899:21-25

Nehring, A. (1901) Einige Notizen ueber die Lutra (Pteronura) paranensis des hiesigen Zoologischen Gartens. Sber. Ges. Naturf. Freude Berlin, 1901: 133-135.

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Argentina
Chehebar, C. (1991). Searching for the giant otter in northeastern Argentina. IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull. 6/1991; pp. 17-18

Beccaceci, M.D. & Waller, T. (2000). Presence of the Giant Otter, Pteronura brasiliensis, in the Corrientes Province, Argentina. IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull. 17(1)2000; pp. 31-33

Parera, A.F. (1992). Present Knowledge on the Giant Otter in Argentina. IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull. 7/1992; pp. 19-21

Bolivia
Anderson, S. (1997). Mammals of Bolivia, Taxonomy and Distribution. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., No. 231; pp. 343 ­ 344

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Gonzales, E.R. (1997). Ecoetología de la londra (Pteronura brasiliensis), en la Reserva de Producción del Bajo Paraguá. Tesis de Grado, Universidad Autonoma "Gabriel René Moreno", Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia; 118 pp.

Brazil
Carter, S.K. & Rosas, F.C.W. (1997). Biology and conservation of the Giant Otter Pteronura brasiliensis. Mammal Rev. 1997, Vol. 27, No.1, pp. 1-26

Schweizer, J. (1986). Ocorrencia e alguns dados biologicos de ariranha (Pteronura brasiliensis) no Rio Negro. In Reuniao de trabalho de especialistas en mamiferos aquaticos da America do Sul. 20. Resumos. p. 48.

Colombia
Defler, T.R. ( ). A Census of Pteronura brasiliensis in El Tuparro National Park and Environs, Colombia. Presented to National Parks System of Colombia INDERENA; 20 pp.

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Donadio, A. (1978). Some Comments on Otter Trade and Legislation in Colombia. In: Proceedings First Working Meeting of the IUCN Otter Specialist Group, Paramaribo, Suriname, March 1977, N. Duplaix (ed.); pp. 34-42

Gómez, J.R. & Jorgenson, J. (1999). An Overview to the Giant Otter ­ Fisherman Problem in the Orinoco Basin of Colombia. IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull. 16(2)1999; pp. 90-96

Gómez, J.R. (1999). Ecología alimentaria de la Nutria Gigante (Pteronura brasiliensis) en el bajo Río Bita (Vichada, Colombia). Tesis, Universidad Javeriana, Santafé de Bogotá, Colombia.

Ecuador
Fersen, L. von (1997). The Giant Otter in Ecuador. IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull. 14 (1) April 1997; pp. 20-23

Melendres, A.P. (1978). Notas sobre las nutrias de río del Ecuador. In: Proceedings First Working Meetting of the Otter Specialist Group, Paramaribo, Suriname, 1977, N. Duplaix (ed.); pp. 56-66

Tirira, D. (Ed.) (2001). Libro rojo de los mamíferos del Ecuador. SIMBIOE/EcoCiencia/Ministerio del Ambiente/UICN. Serie Libros Rojos del Ecuador, Tomo 1. Publicación Especial sobre los Mamíferos del Ecuador4. Quito; 236 pp.

Utreras, V. & Jorgensen, J. (in press). Aspectos sobre la cacería y la distribución actual e histórica de la nutria gigante (Pteronura brasiliensis) en la Amazonía Ecuatoriana. To be published in the Proceedings of the Congreso Internacional de Manejo de Fauna Silvestre en Amazonía y Latinoamérica, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia, 10-14 September 2001.

French Guiana
Jacques, H., Pelsy, C., de Thoisy, B. (2000) La loutre géante en Guyane Française : Rapport de mission sur le Litani

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Guyana
Barnett, A., Shapley, R., Lehman, S., Henry, E. & Benjamin, P. (2000). Records of the Giant Otter, Pteronura brasiliensis, from Guyana (Final version). IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull. 17(2) 2000; pp. 65-74

Laidler, E. (1982). A Study of the Giant Otter Pteronura brasiliensis - Movement Patterns, Territoriality, Development and Ecology in Guyana. Otters, Journal Otter Trust, 1982 Vol. I(6); pp. 13-21

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Shackley, M. (1996). Feasibility Study for a Protected Area at Karanambu Ranch, Guyana; 88 pp.

Peru
Brack Egg, A. (1977). Situacion Actual de las Nutrias (Lutrinae, Mustelidae) en el Peru. In: Proceedings First Working Meeting of the Otter Specialist Group, Paramaribo, Suriname, 1977, N. Duplaix (ed.); pp. 76-84

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Frank K. (2000). Análisis de un modelo para el manejo del Lobo de Río en el Parque Nacional del Manú. In: Lobo de Río, Resumen del Simposio 1998. P. 10-20. Inrena150141-2000-0127. Lima, Peru.

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Groenendijk, J. (1998). De Reus van Zuid-Amerika. Ecologie en Ontwikkeling, Jaargang 6, No 1, 1998; pp. 15 ­ 17. Nieuwsbrief van het Nederlands Comité voor IUCN

Groenendijk, J. & Hajek, F. (2001). Project Report 2000 - Internal Report of the Frankfurt Zoological Society Giant Otter Conservation Project

Groenendijk, J. & Hajek, F. (2000). Project Report 1999 ­ Internal Report of the Frankfurt Zoological Society Giant Otter Conservation Project

Groenendijk, J. & Hajek, F. (1997). Las Piedras '96: an expedition to the Las Piedras river, south-eastern Peru. Produced by the Netherlands Committee for IUCN; pp. 44

Groenendijk, J., Hajek, F., Isola, S. & Schenck, C. (in press). Giant Otter Project in Peru: Field Trip and Activity Report, 2000. Presented for publication in the IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin

Groenendijk, J., Hajek, F., Isola, S. & Schenck, C. (2000). Giant Otter Project in Peru: Field Trip and Activity Report, 1999. IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull. 17(1)2000; pp. 34 - 45

Groenendijk, J., Hajek, F., Schenck, C. & Staib, E. (2001). Monitoreo del Lobo de Río (Pteronura brasiliensis) en la Reserva de Biosfera del Manu : metodologias y resultados. In: El Manu y Otras Experiencias de Investigacion y Manejo de Bosques Tropicales, Symposium Internacional, Puerto Maldonado, Peru, 4-7 June 2001

Groenendijk, J., Hajek, F., Schenck, C. & Staib, E. (in prep.). A Decade of Giant Otter (Pteronura brasiliensis) Population Dynamics in the Manu Biosphere Reserve, Peru. Paper presented at the VIII International Otter Colloquium, Valdivia, Chile, 19-27 January, 2001

Hajek, F. & Groenendijk, J. (in prep.). Propuesta para un Plan de Manejo de Habitats Acuáticos de la Reserva de Biosfera del Manu en base a monitoreo de especies indicadores; 37 pp.

Hajek, F. & Groenendijk, J. (2001). Informe Annual 2000 ­ Proyecto Lobo de Río. Report of the Frankfurt Zoological Society Giant Otter Conservation Project, presented to the Instituto Nacional de Recursos Naturales (INRENA)

Hajek, F. & Groenendijk, J. (2000). Informe Annual 1999 ­ Proyecto Lobo de Río. Report of the Frankfurt Zoological Society Giant Otter Conservation Project, presented to the Instituto Nacional de Recursos Naturales (INRENA)

Hajek, F., Groenendijk, J., Schenck, C. & Staib, E. (2001). El Turismo de Naturaleza y Manejo de Habitat de Lobo de Río (Pteronura brasiliensis) en el Sureste del Perú. In: El Manu y Otras Experiencias de Investigacion y Manejo de Bosques Tropicales, Symposium Internacional, Puerto Maldonado, Peru, 4-7 June 2001

Isola S. (1999). Evaluación del estado de conservación de tres especies de mamiferos dulce aquicolas sudamericanos: Lobo de rio (Pteronura brasiliensis), delfín rosado (Inia geoffrensis) y Manatí (Trichechus inunguis). Report WWF: 103.

Isola, S. (2000). Determinacion de la distribucion y abundancia de Lobo de Rio (Pteronura brasiliensis) en la Reserva Nacional Pacaya Samiria. Tesis para optar el Grado de Ingeniero Forestal, Univ. Nac. Agraria la Molina, 80 pp.

Isola, S. & Benavides, J. (2001). El Lobo de Rio: una especie bandera para la Reserva Comunal Tamshiyacu Tahuayo. Internal Report.

Khanmoradi, H. (1994). Untersuchungen zur Nahrungsökologie der Riesenotter (Pteronura brasiliensis) in Peru. Diplom-Arbeit, Uni. München; 121 pp.

Llosa T. (1997). Lobos del Rio en el Rio Candamo, Puno, Peru. Internal Report Conservation International: 20

Schenck, C. (1999). "Lobo de Río (Pteronura brasiliensis) ­ Presencia, uso del hábitat y protección en el Perú. Spanish translation of German PhD dissertation : Vorkommen, Habitatnutzung und Schutz des Riesenotters (Pteronura brasiliensis) in Peru (1996), Munich

Schenck, C. (1996). Vorkommen, Habitatnutzung und Schutz des Riesenotters (Pteronura brasiliensis) in Peru. Diss. Univ. Munchen, ISBN 3-8265-3126-4; 180 pp.

Schenck, C. (1995). Status, Habitat Use and Conservation of Giant Otters (Pteronura brasiliensis) in Peru. Habitat 11 - Proceedings VI International Otter Colloquium, Pietermaritzburg 1993. Reuther, C. & Rowe-Rowe, D. (eds.); pp. 69-71

Schenck, C. & Staib, E. (1995). The Giant Otter Project in Peru 1995. IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull. 12 / October 1995; pp. 25-30

Schenck, C. & Staib, E. (1995). News from the Giant Otter Project in Peru. IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull. 11 / April 1995; pp. 5-8

Schenck, C. & Staib, E. (1993). Giant Otter Study in Peru Completed. IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull. 8/1993; pp. 44

Schenck, C. & Staib, E. (1992). Giant Otters in Peru. IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull. 7/1992; pp. 24-26

Schenck, C., Estremadoyro, F. & Staib, E. Primeras evaluaciones para determinar la existencia de lobo de rio (Pteronura brasiliensis) en el ambito de la Reserva Nacional Pacaya-Samiria en el Peru. Unpublished; 11 pp.

Schenck, C., Groenendijk, J. & Hajek, F. (1999). Giant Otter Project in Peru ­ Field Trip and Activity Report, 1998. IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull. 16(1)1999; pp. 33-43

Schenck, C., Staib, E. & Storch, I. (1997). 1996 News from the Giant Otter Project in Peru. IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull. 14 (1) April 1997; pp. 13-19

Schweizer J. (1986). Ocorrencia e alguns dados biológicos de ariranha (Pteronura brasiliensis, Mustelidae) no Rio Negro. 20 Reuniao de trabalho de especialistas en mamiferos aquaticos da America do Sul. Resumos: 48.

Staib, E. (1995). Social behavior and ecology of the giant otter (Pteronura brasiliensis) in Peru. In: Habitat Arbeitsberichte der Aktion Fischotterschutz e.V.. Proceedings VI. International Otter Colloquium Pietermaritzburg 1993 (C. Reuther and D. Rowe-Rowe, eds.). GN-Gruppe Naturschutz GmbH: Hankensbuttel.

Staib, E. (1993). Social Behaviour and Ecology of the Giant Otter (Pteronura brasiliensis) in Peru. Habitat 11 - Proceedings VI International Otter Colloquium, Pietermaritzburg. Reuther, C. & Rowe-Rowe, D. (eds.); pp. 72-74

Staib, E. (submitted 2001). Öko-Ethologie von Riesenottern (Pteronura brasiliensis) in Peru, PhD dissertation, Munich University, Germany.

TReeS (Tambopata Reserve Society) (1994). Report of the TReeS Tambopata-Candamo Expedition. A biological survey in the Tambopata-Candamo Reserved Zone South-East Peru (12.08.1992-20.09.1992). London, England. 171 pp.

Suriname
Duplaix, N. (1978). Synopsis of the status and ecology of the giant otter in Suriname. In: Proceedings First Working Meeting of the Otter Specialist Group, Paramaribo, Suriname, 1977, N. Duplaix (ed.); pp. 48-54

Duplaix, N. (1979) Giant otters in Suriname. Oryx. 14(4):439

Duplaix, N. (1980). Observations on the Ecology and Behaviour of the Giant River Otter (Pteronura brasiliensis) in Suriname. Rev. Ecol. (Terre Vie), vol. 34 (1980); pp. 496-620

Duplaix, N. (1982) Contribution a l'Ecologie at a l'Ethologie de Pteronura brasiliensis (Carnivora, Lutrinae): Implications Evolutives. Doctorat Thesis, Univ. of Paris-Sud, 352 pp.

Duplaix, N., M. Lingaard, & C. Sakimin (2001) A Survey of Kaburi Creek, West Suriname and its Conservation Implications 2001, Oceanic Society, Oceanic Society, 34 pp

Venezuela
Mondolfi, E. & Trebbau, P. (1997). Distribution and Status of the Giant Otter (Pteronura brasiliensis) in Venezuela. Second report, Nov. 1997, unpublished; 6 pp.

Mondolfi, E. & Trebbau, P. (1978). Distribution and Status of the Giant Otter (Pteronura brasiliensis) in Venezuela. In: Proceedings First Working Meeting of the Otter Specialist Group, Paramaribo, Suriname, 1977, N. Duplaix (ed.); pp. 44-47

Carter, S.K. & Rosas, F.C.W. (1997). Biology and conservation of the Giant Otter Pteronura brasiliensis. Mammal Rev. 1997, Vol. 27, No.1, pp. 1-26

Duplaix, N. (1980). Observations on the Ecology and Behaviour of the Giant River Otter (Pteronura brasiliensis) in Suriname. Rev. Ecol. (Terre Vie), vol. 34 (1980); pp. 496-620

Duplaix, N. (1982) Contribution a l'Ecologie at a l'Ethologie de Pteronura brasiliensis (Carnivora, Lutrinae): Implications Evolutives. Doctorat Thesis, Univ. of Paris-Sud, 352 pp.

Gómez, J.R. (1999). Ecología alimentaria de la Nutria Gigante (Pteronura brasiliensis) en el bajo Río Bita (Vichada, Colombia). Tesis, Universidad Javeriana, Santafé de Bogotá, Colombia.

Laidler, E. (1982). A Study of the Giant Otter Pteronura brasiliensis - Movement Patterns, Territoriality, Development and Ecology in Guyana. Otters, Journal Otter Trust, 1982 Vol. I(6); pp. 13-21

Laidler, P.E. (1984). The behavioural ecology of the giant otter in Guyana. Doctoral Dissertation, Univ. of Cambridge 1984; 319 pp. (13581, D58408-85)

Mourao,G. & Carvalho,L. (2001) Cannibalism among Giant Otters (Pteronura brasiliensis) Mammalia 65, n°2, 2001 : 225-227

Rosas, F.C.W., Zuanon, J.A.S. & Carter, S.K. (1999). Feeding Ecology of the Giant Otter, Pteronura brasiliensis. BIOTROPICA 31(3); pp. 502-506

Schenck, C., Staib, E. & Yasseri, A.M. (1995). Unterwasserlaute bei Riesenottern (Pteronura brasiliensis). Z. Saugetierkunde 60; pp. 310-313

Schenck, C. (1997).Vorkommen, Habitatnutzung und Schutz des Riesenotters (Pteronura brasiliensis) in Peru. Shaker Verlag, München.

Staib, E. 1995. Social behavior and ecology of the giant otter (Pteronura brasiliensis) in Peru. In: Habitat Arbeitsberichte der Aktion Fischotterschutz e.V.. Proceedings VI. International Otter Colloquium Pietermaritzburg 1993 (C. Reuther and D. Rowe-Rowe, eds.). GN-Gruppe Naturschutz GmbH: Hankensbuttel.

Schroeter, W. (1982). Verhaltensbeobachtungen am Riesenotter (Pteronura brasiliensis, Gmelin, 1788) in Gefangenschaft. Saugetierkundliche Mitt. 30(3) 1982; pp. 216-220

Staib, E. (1993). Social Behaviour and Ecology of the Giant Otter (Pteronura brasiliensis) in Peru. Habitat 11 - Proceedings VI International Otter Colloquium, Pietermaritzburg. Reuther, C. & Rowe-Rowe, D. (eds.); pp. 72-74

Staib, E. (submitted 2001). Öko-Ethologie von Riesenottern (Pteronura brasiliensis) in Peru, PhD dissertation, Munich University, Germany.

Trebbau, P. (1978). Some observations on the Mating Behaviour of the Brazilian Giant Otter (Pteronura brasiliensis). Zool. Garten N. F., Jena 48 (1978) 2/3, S.; pp. 187-188

Carter, S.K. & Rosas, F.C.W. (1997). Biology and conservation of the Giant Otter Pteronura brasiliensis. Mammal Rev. 1997, Vol. 27, No.1, pp. 1-26

Barnett, A., Shapley, R., Lehman, S., Henry, E. & Benjamin, P. (2000). Records of the Giant Otter, Pteronura brasiliensis, from Guyana (Final version). IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull. 17(2) 2000; pp. 65-74

Chehebar, C. (1989). The Status of Otters in Latin America. Habitat 6 - Proceedings V Internat. Otter Colloquium, Hankensbuttel 1989. Reuther, C. & Rochert, R. (eds.); pp. 9-14

Duplaix, N. (1980). Observations on the Ecology and Behaviour of the Giant River Otter (Pteronura brasiliensis) in Suriname. Rev. Ecol. (Terre Vie), vol. 34 (1980); pp. 496-620

Duplaix, N. (1980). Giant otters : "Big water dogs in peril". National Geographic Magazine 158(1) 1980; pp. 130-142

Duplaix, N. & J.A. Davis (1983) Otter, Identification Manual for Customs Officials. 30; Secretariat of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. (CITES), Gland, Switzerland.

Ergueta, P. & Morales, C. de [eds.] (1996). Libro rojo de los vertebrados de Bolivia. CDC - Bolivia; pp. 171-172

Fonseca, G. & Rylands, A. & Costa, C. & Machado, R. & Leite, Y. (1994) Livro vermelho dos Mamiferos brasileiros ameaçados de extinçao Belo Horizonte

Frank K. (2000). Análisis de un modelo para el manejo del Lobo de Río en el Parque Nacional del Manú. In: Lobo de Río, Resumen del Simposio 1998. P. 10-20. Inrena150141-2000-0127. Lima, Peru.

Groenendijk, J. (1998). A Review of the Distribution and Conservation Status of the Giant Otter (Pteronura brasiliensis), with Special Emphasis on the Guayana Shield Region. Commissioned by the International Fund for Animal Welfare, produced by the Netherlands Committee for IUCN, March 1998; 55pp.

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Tirira, D. (Ed.) (2001). Libro rojo de los mamíferos del Ecuador. SIMBIOE/EcoCiencia/Ministerio del Ambiente/UICN. Serie Libros Rojos del Ecuador, Tomo 1. Publicación Especial sobre los Mamíferos del Ecuador4. Quito; 236 pp.

INRENA (1999). Resumen del Simposio Internacional Sobre Conservacion del Lobo de Rio (Pteronura brasiliensis), Lima, 10-11 setiembre 1998. Produced by the Instituto Nacional de Recursos Naturales, Peru

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Bartmann, W. 1996. International census of the giant river otter (P. brasiliensis) in captivity (1996). Tierpark Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany. Unpublished report.

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Duplaix - Hall, N. (1975). River otters in captivity: a review. In Martin, R.D. (ed.), Breeding Endangered Species in Captivity, Academic Press, London; pp. 315-327

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Flügger, M. von (1997). Haltung, Zucht und Erkrankungen von Riesenottern (Pteronura brasiliensis) in Carl Hagenbecks Tierpark. Verh. ber. Erkrg. Zootiere (1997) 38; pp. 125-130

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"Genealogical Meeting on Giant Otters in Captivity in Brazil", lectures/workshop discussions, December 3-4, 1998. Jardim Zoologico de Brasília , Brasilia, Brazil. Daniel Louzada da Silva and Dr. Claudio Valladares-Padua, conference organizers.

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Donadio, A. (1978). Some Comments on Otter Trade and Legislation in Colombia. In: Proceedings First Working Meeting of the IUCN Otter Specialist Group, Paramaribo, Suriname, March 1977, N. Duplaix (ed.); pp. 34-42

Duplaix, N. (1980). Giant otters: Big water dogs in peril. National Geographic Magazine 158 (1) 1980; pp. 130-142

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General
Brown, D.O. (1996). Giant Otters. Nature Conservancy, Vol. 46, No.3, May/June; pp. 24-29

Duplaix, N. (1984). Otters. The Encyclopaedia of Mammals - Edited by Dr. David Macdonald. Unwin Hyman Ltd.; pp. 125-129

Guyana
Laidler, L. (1986). Watching over the waterdogs. BBC Wildlife 4(4) 1986; pp. 168-171

Laidler, L. (1982). Bring back the giant. New Scientist 95 No. 1324, 1982; pp. 825-828

Laidler, K. & Laidler, L. (June 1995). Giant among Otters. Wildlife Conservation May / June 1995; pp. 42-47 & 75

Laidler, K. & Laidler, L. (1983). The River Wolf. Allen & Unwin, London 1983; 178 pp.

Laidler, K. & Laidler, L. (1981). The river wolf plays rough. International Wildlife 6(5) 1981; pp. 46-49

Peru
Brecht-Munn, M. & Munn, C. (1988). The Amazon's Gregarious Giant Otters. Animal Kingdom Sept. / Oct. 1988; pp. 34-41

Schenck, C. & Staib, E. (1994). Die Wölfe der Flüsse - Riesenotter und ihr Lebensraum Regenwald. Knesebeck Verlag München, 1994, 203 Seiten

MacQuarrie, K. (1998). Peru's Amazonian Eden: Manu National Park and Biosphere Reserve. Published by Francis O. Patthey & Sons; 320 pp. Second edition.

MacQuarrie, K. & Bärtschi, A. (2001). Where the Andes meet the Amazon: Peru and Bolivia's Bahuaja-Sonene and Madidi National Parks. Published by Francis O. Patthey & Sons; 336 pp., ISBN 84-89119-14-7.

Schenck, C. (2000). Among the river wolves. BBC Wildlife Magazine, Nov. 2000; pp. 22-28

Staib E., Schenck C. (1994). Die Familien-Bande. BBC-Wildlife, Nr.12, S. 22-27

Suriname
Duplaix, N. (1978). Synopsis of the status and ecology of the giant otter in Suriname. Otter Trust. Otters 1978; 8 pp.

Duplaix, N. (1980). Giant otters : "Big water dogs in peril". National Geographic Magazine 158(1) 1980; pp. 130-142

Duplaix, N. (1982). Im Kielwasser der scheuen Riesenotter. Das Tier Tierwelt 2: 4-9

Best, R.C. (1984). The aquatic mammals and reptiles of the Amazon. Monographic biol. 56 1984; pp. 371-412

Cabrera, A. & I. Yepes (1940) Mamferos sud-mericanos. Buenos Aires, Comp. Arg. Editores.

Defler. T.R. (1983). Associations of the giant river otter (Pteronura brasiliensis) with freshwater dolphins (Inia geoffrensis). Journal Mammal 64 (4) 1983; pp. 692

Emmons, L. (1997). Neotropical Rainforest Mammals. A Field Guide, Second Edition. Illustrations by F. Feer. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London

Husson, A.M. (1978). The Mammals of Suriname. Zoologische Monographieen van het Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie No. 2, published by E.J. Brill, Leiden; 569 pp.

Melquist, W.E. (1984). Status survey of otters (Lutrinae) and spotted cats (Felidae) in Latin America. Report to IUCN College of Forestry, Wildlife and Range Sciences, Univ. of Idaho

Nowak, R.M. (1999) Giant Otter. In Walker's Mammals of the World - 5th Edition Vol. II; pp. 1137-1138

Smith, N.J.H. (1981). Caimans, capybaras, otters, manatees and man in Amazonia. Biol. Conserv. 19; pp. 177-187

Cabello C.C. (1983). La nutria de mar en la Isla de Chiloe. Corporacion National Forestal, Bol. Tec. 6, 1-37.

Davis, J.A. & Duplaix, N. (1976). Neotropical otters. Wildlife, Wld. Conserv. Yb. 1976; pp. 48-52

Estes J. A. (1989). Behavior, ecology and life history of new world otters. Proceedings of the V. International Otter Colloquium. - Habitat 6, Hankensbüttel, 1991.

Gallo J. P. (1989). Distribucion y estado actual de la nutria o perro de agua (Lutra longicaudis annectens Major, 1897) en la Sierra Madre del sur, Mexico.- M.Sc. Thesis. Universidad nacional Autonoma de México, México, D.F

Kruuk, H. (1995). Wild otters - predation and populations. Oxford Univ. Press; 290 pp.

Mason, C.F. & Macdonald, S.M. (1986). Otters - Ecology and Conservation. Cambridge University Press; 236 pp.

Melquist, W.E. (1984). Status survey of otters (Lutrinae) and spotted cats (Felidae) in Latin America. Report to IUCN College of Forestry, Wildlife and Range Sciences, Univ. of Idaho

Parera A. (1993). The neotropical river otter Lutra longicaudis in Iberia Lagoon, Argentina. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 8, pp. 13-16.

Van Zyll de Jong, C. G. (1972). A systematic review of the Nearctic and Neotropical riverine otters (genus Lutra, Mustelidae, Carnivora). Royal Ontario Museum, Life Sciences, Contribution, 80: 1-104.

In Search of the Giant Otter (1978, 1984) N. Duplaix, Christopher Parsons, producer. BBC Bristol Natural History Unit 1978, and re-released and re-edited by WGBH-PBS Boston, USA. 50 min.

Im Reich der Riesenotter (1993), A. Hofer, SAT1, 45 min.

Die Riesenotter vom Madre de Dios (1994), C. Schenck, E. Staib, producers N3/ARD, 45 min

The River Wolves (1999), P. Venn, producer. Partridge Films, 45 min

Waika der Otter (? 2000), F.R. de la Fuenta, BR, 45 min

Die Wölfe des Rio Manu ­ Riesenotter in Peru.( 2001) Felix Heidinger, producer, for 'Zuflucht Wildnis' BR/ARD, 45 min

Giant Otters ­ Wolves of the River (2001). Huw Cordey, producer, for , producer. BBC 'Wildlife on One', 30 mins.